Clinical Authority of Dermatologist

A dermatologist and a genital doctor is a specialist who handles various complaints and health problems related to skin and genitals. His educational background is a general practitioner who has completed specialist education in the field of skin and genital health. To obtain the title of a specialist in skin and genitalia (SpKK), a doctor must take an education program in dermatology and genital health for 7 semesters, and a maximum of 11 semesters. The science of skin and genital health or also called the field of dermatology and venereology is the study of clinical knowledge and diagnostic and treatment skills (medical and skin surgery). Skin and genital specialists treat skin diseases (including hair and nails) and genitals, both in adults, children and the elderly.

Field of Dermatologist and Gender

Clinically, the fields of dermatology and venereology are divided into several divisions, including:

• Dermatology of tropical infection

This field focuses on tackling skin infections in the tropics. Some examples of diseases that are studied and treated by dermatologists and genitals related to dermatology in tropical infections are cellulitis, erysipelas (infections of the skin surface caused by Streptococcus bacteria), and fungal infections such as ringworm and candidiasis.

• Pediatric dermatology

This field focuses on the management of skin and venereal disease in children. Pediatric dermatologist and pediatric dermatology subspecialists treat pediatric disorders such as birthmarks and hemangiomas, allergic-related skin diseases in children, genetic diseases of the skin such as ichthyosis and epidermolysis, treatment of skin diseases in infants and children, skin disorders due to malnutrition, skin infections in children, and skin disorders in newborns acquired during pregnancy or maternal delivery.

• Cosmetic dermatology

This field focuses on handling skin beauty problems, such as scars, hair loss, to skin changes due to age. Skin and venereal specialist dermatology cosmetics also deal with skin pigmentation disorders, osmidrosis hyperhidrosis, fat and cellulite deposits, hair disorders, baldness and hypertrichosis (hair growth disorders), cosmetic nail disorders, and those related to the aging process.

• Allergic and immunological dermatology

This field focuses on dealing with skin diseases related to allergies and disorders of the body's immune system. Allergy and dermatology specialist dermatology and genitalia subspecialist treating atopic dermatitis, allergic contact dermatitis, psoriasis (chronic inflammatory skin diseases), utikaria (biduran), angioedema (inner layer of skin that is swollen due to fluid buildup), irritant contact dermatitis, and chronic inflammatory diseases skin due to autoimmune disorders.

• Geriatric dermatology

This field specifically deals with various complaints or problems of the skin and genitals in elderly people. Geriatric dermatology and genital subspecialist dermatologists treat diseases such as pruritus, skin disorders due to aging and chronic sun exposure such as lentigo senilis and elastosis solaris (skin appears yellow and thickened by sunlight), skin infections in the elderly, skin disorders that often occur in the aging process such as asteatotic dermatitis, and Favre-Racouchot syndrome.

• Tumors and skin surgery

This field focuses on diagnostic procedures and treatment of tumors or skin cancers, and skin surgical procedures. Some of the diseases commonly treated by dermatologists and venereal specialists are tumors and skin surgeries, namely skin cancers such as melanoma, basal and squamous cell carcinomas, various benign skin tumors, precancerous diseases such as Bowen's disease (benign skin cancer that is malignant) and leukoplakia.

• Sexually transmitted disease

This field focuses on managing sexually transmitted diseases. Specialist skin and venereal specialist sexually transmitted diseases (STDs), also known as sexually transmitted infections (STIs), treat PMS caused by bacteria such as gonorrhea, syphilis, bacterial vaginosis; caused by viruses such as genital herpes; STDs caused by fungi and parasites such as pediculosis pubis (pubic hair lice) and vaginal candidosis.

Diseases Treated by Dermatologists and Genders

Here are some diseases that are handled by skin and venereal specialists including:

• Skin disorders due to allergies and immune system disorders, such as numularis dermatitis, seborrheic dermatitis, psoriasis, lichen planus, pityriasis rosea, erythema, atopic dermatitis, allergic contact dermatitis, allergic reactions, allergic reactions, for example drug allergies such as Stevens-Johnson syndrome, and lupus erythematosus discoid.
• Infection-related skin diseases, such as viral infections (herpes, warts, and shingles), bacterial infections (impetigo, cellulitis, and leprosy), fungal skin infections, and parasitic infections of the skin such as head lice and scabies.
• Abnormalities in the formation and keratinization of the epidermal skin layers, such as kerastosis pilaris and porokeratosis (diseases caused by keratinization or accumulation of keratin in the skin).
• Tumors and skin cancer.
• Skin pigmentation disorders, such as vitiligo.
• Disorders of the oil glands (sebum) and sweat, such as milaria (prickly heat), chromhidrosis, localized hyperhidrosis, and acne.
• Skin disorders due to chemical, physical and radiation factors, such as cold trauma, burns level 1 and 2.
• Skin disorders related to nerve and mental disorders, such as neurodermatitis.
• Skin disorders due to metabolic and hereditary nutritional problems, such as porphyria and amyloidosis.
• Sexually transmitted disease.

Medical Actions Can Be Dermatologist

Based on competency standards in dermatology and venereology clinical skills, the following are some of the actions or clinical authorities of dermatologists and genitals:

• Basic examination includes recording the history of the disease or conducting medical interviews and physical examination of the skin and genitals. After the diagnosis is determined, the dermatologist can provide treatment according to the diagnosis and the patient's condition.
• Investigations include interpreting the results of skin support examinations such as skin scrapings to detect fungi, bacteria or parasites; special clinical examination allergy tests or skin tests such as prick test, patch test, to the intradermal test; and dermatopathology to diagnose skin diseases through examination of skin tissue under a microscope.
• Dermatology of cosmetic interventions, including extraction of blackheads, corticosteroid injections, chemical surgery, botox, sclerotherapy, microdermabation, and hair removal; the use of lasers and light and energy-based devices such as pigment and laservascular lasers; phototherapy which includes UVA and UVB.
• Dermatology interventional skin surgery, including local anesthetics, frozen surgery, electrosurgery, scar tissue repair, skin surgery for emergencies, wound care and complications of skin surgery.

When to see a dermatologist and genitals?

You can see a dermatologist and a specialist with either a referral from a general practitioner or come directly to the specialist doctor's clinic. Various symptoms that you suspect are related to skin and venereal disease should be immediately checked by a dermatologist and genitals. Various treatments for skin and genital health can also be consulted. The following is a list of problems handled by dermatologists and genitals:

• Itchy skin, painful skin, numb skin, discolored skin (white, black, red or yellow), dry skin, oily skin, thickened skin, thinning skin, scaly skin, blisters, sores and ulcers, suppurating skin, skin blisters, bumps appear on the skin.
• Nail pain, nails change color or shape.
• Dandruff hair, hair loss and baldness.
• Skin rash.
• Ulcers or sores in the anus and genitals.
• Lumps in the genital area, genital pain, genital itching, genital odor, genital rash.
• Pain when urinating.
• Pain during sex.
• Abnormal discharge from the cavity of the genital organs.

Consultation Preparation to Dermatologist and Gender

Before seeing a dermatologist and a genital specialist, you should prepare the following:

• Prepare a record of the questions you want to ask and a history of complaints or symptoms that you experience.
• Do not forget to bring a complete identity card and if there is, also bring some supporting documents related to the examination you did before, for example the results of blood tests, X-rays, or CT scans.
• Also inform you about the drugs and supplements you are taking, as well as allergic reactions to certain drugs or substances if present.
• Make sure your facial skin is clean from cosmetics when seeing a dermatologist and genitals. This will help your doctor see the condition of your skin accurately.
• Make sure you see a competent dermatologist and genital doctor. You can ask for recommendations from the doctor who examined you, or from relatives. Make sure the doctor you choose is able to communicate well in explaining the disease and the treatment steps you need.
• Make sure the facilities and services are good, complete and friendly.
• If you want to take advantage of your BPJS or insurance, make sure the hospital is affiliated with your BPJS or insurance provider.